What is “extreme” weather? Why are people talkin
Câu hỏi
Nhận biếtRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question from 8 to 14. What is “extreme” weather? Why are people talking about it these day? “Extreme” weather is an unusual weather event such as rainfall, a drought or a heat wave in the wrong place or at the wrong time. In theory, they are very rare. But these days, our TV screens are constantly showing such extreme weather events. Take just three news stories from 2010: 28 centimetres of rain fell on Rio de Janeiro in 24 hours, Nashville, USA, had 33 centimetres of rain in two days and there was record rainfall in Pakistan. The effects of this kind of rainfall are dramatic and lethal. In Rio de Janeiro, landslides followed, burying hundreds of people. In Pakistan, the floods affected 20 million people. Meanwhile, other parts of the world suffer devastating droughts. Australia, Russia and East Africa have been hit in the last ten years. And then there are unexpected heat waves, such as in 2003 in Europe. That summer, 35,000 deaths were said to be heat-related. So, what is happening to our weather? Are these extreme events part of a natural cycle? Or are they caused by human activity and its effects on the Earth’s climate? Peter Miller says it’s probably a mixture of both of these things. On the one hand, the most important influences on weather events are natural cycles in the climate. Two of the most famous weather cycles, El Nino and La Nina, originate in the Pacific Ocean. The heat from the warm ocean rises high into the atmosphere and affects weather all around the world. On the other hand, the temperature of the Earth’s oceans is slowly but steadily going up. And this is a result of human activity. We are producing greenhouse gases that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. This heat warms up the atmosphere, land and oceans. Warmer oceans produce more water vapour – think of heating a pan of water in your kitchen. Turn up the heat, it produces steam more quickly. Satellite data tells us that the water vapour in the atmosphere has gone up by four percent in 25 years. This warm, wet air turns into the rain, storms, hurricanes and typhoons that we are increasingly experiencing. Climate scientist, Michael Oppenheimer, says that we need to face the reality of climate change. And we also need to act now to save lives and money in the future.
Câu 1: It is stated in the passage that extreme weather is ______.
A. difficult for scientists to understand
B. not a natural occurrence
C. becoming more common
D. killing more people than ever before
Câu 2: The word “lethal” in the second paragraph probably means ______.
A. far-reaching
B. long-lasting
C. happening soon
D. causing deaths
Câu 3: What caused thousands of deaths in 2003?
A. floods after a bad summer
B. a period of hot weather
C. a long spell of heavy rain
D. large-scale landslides
Câu 4: According to the passage, extreme weather is a problem because ______.
A. we can never predict it
B. it only affects crowded places
C. it’s often very destructive
D. its causes are completely unknown
Câu 5: Extreme weather can be caused by ______.
A. satellites above the Earth
B. water vapour in the atmosphere
C. very hot summers
D. water pans in your kitchen
Câu 6: Satellites are used to ______.
A. change the direction of severe storms
B. trap greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
C. measure changes in atmospheric water vapour
D. prevent climate from changing quickly
Câu 7: Which statement is NOT supported by the information in the passage?
A. Such extreme weather is hardly the consequence of human activity.
B. Extreme weather is substantially influenced by human activity.
C. Unusual weather events are part of natural cycles.
D. We can limit the bad effects of extreme weather.
Đáp án đúng:
Lời giải của Tự Học 365
Đáp án câu 1 là: CGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Trong đoạn văn nói rằng thời tiết cực đoan là ______.
A. khó khăn cho các nhà khoa học để hiểu về nó
B. không phải là một hiện tượng tự nhiên
C. trở nên phổ biến hơn
D. làm chết nhiều người hơn bao giờ hết
Thông tin: In theory, they are very rare. But these days, our TV screens are constantly showing such extreme weather events.
Đáp án: C
Đáp án câu 2 là: DGiải chi tiết:
Giải thích: lethal (adj): gây chết người
far-reaching (adj): có thể gây ảnh hưởng lớn
long-lasting (adj): lâu dài
happening soon: xảy ra sớm
causing deaths: gây ra cái chết
=> causing deaths = lethal
Đáp án: D
Đáp án câu 3 là: BGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Điều gì gây ra hàng ngàn người chết vào năm 2003?
A. lũ lụt sau một mùa hè tồi tệ
B. giai đoạn thời tiết nóng
C. một đợt mưa lớn kéo dài
D. lở đất quy mô lớn
Thông tin: And then there are unexpected heat waves, such as in 2003 in Europe. That summer, 35,000 deaths were said to be heat-related.
Đáp án: B
Đáp án câu 4 là: CGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Theo đoạn văn, thời tiết khắc nghiệt là một vấn đề vì ______.
A. chúng ta không bao giờ có thể dự đoán được nó
B. nó chỉ ảnh hưởng đến những nơi đông dân
C. nó thường tàn phá
D. nguyên nhân của nó là hoàn toàn chưa được biết
Thông tin: The effects of this kind of rainfall are dramatic and lethal.
Đáp án: C
Đáp án câu 5 là: BGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Thời tiết cực đoan có thể xảy ra bởi
A. các vệ tinh trên Trái Đất
B. hơi nước trong khí quyển
C. mùa hè nóng bức
D. chảo nước trong bếp của bạn
Thông tin: Warmer oceans produce more water vapour – think of heating a pan of water in your kitchen. Turn up the heat, it produces steam more quickly. Satellite data tells us that the water vapour in the atmosphere has gone up by four percent in 25 years. This warm, wet air turns into the rain, storms, hurricanes and typhoons that we are increasingly experiencing.
Đáp án: B
Đáp án câu 6 là: CGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Vệ tinh được sử dụng để ______.
A. thay đổi hướng của các cơn bão lớn
B. giữ lại khí nhà kính trong khí quyển
C. đo lường sự thay đổi trong hơi nước khí quyển
D. ngăn việc biến đổi khí hậu diễn ra nhanh chóng
Thông tin: Satellite data tells us that the water vapour in the atmosphere has gone up by four percent in 25 years.
Đáp án: C
Đáp án câu 7 là: AGiải chi tiết:
Tạm dịch: Tuyên bố nào KHÔNG được củng cố bởi các thông tin trong đoạn văn?
A. Thời tiết khắc nghiệt như thế không phải là hậu quả của hoạt động của con người.
B. Thời tiết cực đoan chịu ảnh hưởng đáng kể bởi hoạt động của con người.
C. Các hiện tượng thời tiết bất thường là một phần của chu trình tự nhiên.
D. Chúng ta có thể hạn chế những ảnh hưởng xấu của thời tiết khắc nghiệt.
Thông tin: Are these extreme events part of a natural cycle? Or are they caused by human activity and its effects on the Earth’s climate? Peter Miller says it’s probably a mixture of both of these things.
Đáp án: A
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