There has been much debate over the past few dec

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.            There has been much debate over the past few decades concerning fears that automation will lead to robots replacing human workers on a massive scale.            The increasing use of robotics, computers and artificial intelligence is a reality, but its full implications are far from cut and dried. Some forecasts present the future in a utopian way, claiming that robots will take over the tedious heavy work thus freeing up human time and potential, allowing for more creativity and innovation. At the other end of spectrum are those who foresee an employment apocalypse, predicting that almost fifty percent of all American jobs could vanish within the next few decades. Former Microsoft chairman Bill Gates states that in 20 years robots could be in place in a number of job categories, particularly those at lower end of the scale in terms of skills.            The bottom line is that while the future is always uncertain, robots are a fixture of our society, which is not going to disappear. As with the Industrial Revolution, where machines were utilized in many tasks in place of manual laborers and social upheaval followed, the Digital Revolution is likely to place robots in various jobs. In spite of that, many of today’s jobs were not in existence before the Industrial Revolution, such as those of programmers, engineers and data scientists. This leads other experts to criticize this alarmist approach of robot scare-mongering, which is invariably compared to the 19^th-century “Luddites”. This group was textile workers who feared being displaced by machines and resorted to violence, burning down factories and destroying industrial equipment – their rejection of inevitable progress has come to symbolize mindless ignorance.            Needless to say, exactly what new kinds of jobs might exist in the future is difficult to envision at present. Therefore, the crux of the issue is not whether jobs will be lost, but whether the creation of new vacancies will outpace the ever-increasing number of losses and what skills will be required in the future.            It is clearly not all doom and gloom, as demand for employees with skills in data analysis, coding, computer science, artificial intelligence and human-machine interface is rising and will continue to do so. Furthermore, the demand for skills in jobs where humans surpass computers, such as those involving care, creativity and innovative craftmanship, are likely to increase considerably. Ultimately, the key lies in the adaptation of the workforces, through appropriate education and training, to keep pace with our world’s technological progress.

Câu 1: What is the main concern associated with technological advances in the workplace?
        

A. safety at work                                                                     

B. increased unemployment                          

C. the use of artificial intelligence             

D. robots taking over the world         

Câu 2: What do optimists predict technology will allow?

A. workplaces to become more relaxing                 

B. a greater enjoyment of life

C. flexible working hours                    

D. higher quality products 

Câu 3: What can be inferred from the comments made by Bill Gates?

A. Changes will occur for many decades.

B. There will be increasing amounts of unskilled workers.

C. Highly skilled workers have less to worry about.

D. Technology will have a negative effect in the workplace.

Câu 4: Why is the example of the Industrial Revolution given?

A. It was also a time of great change in the workplace.

B. It had far less of an effect than the Digital Revolution.

C. It lead to widespread unemployment in the world.

D. It resulted in a more violent society.

Câu 5: What is the modern-day view of the Luddites?

A. They managed to protect their jobs.

B. Their refusing to adapt to change is seen in a negative way.

C. Their adapting to new technology saved their jobs.     

D. Their actions are inspiring many workers today.       

Câu 6: Which of the following is closest in meaning to crux in paragraph 4?

A. The most complex part                                                     

B. The hidden message

C. The least understood part                                                  

D. The most important part

Câu 7: According to the article, which quality will technology never be able to replace?

A. teamwork                                                  

B. human compassion

C. the desire to manufacture goods                                    

D. human intelligence

Câu 8: What is the main idea of this article?

A. There are few negative consequences to the Digital Revolution.

B. Learning about technology is a natural part of human development.

C. Workers will need to adapt to technological changes.

D. Unemployment will increase dramatically as technology advances.

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