Earth is richly supplied with different types of living orga

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Earth is richly supplied with different types of living organisms which co-exist in their environments, forming complex, interrelated communities. Living organisms depend on one another for nutrients, shelter, and other benefits. The extinction of one species can set off a chain reaction that affects many other species, particularly if the loss occurs near the bottom of the food chain. For example, the extinction of a particular insect or plant might seem inconsequential. However, there may be fish or small animals that depend on that resource for foodstuffs. The loss can threaten the survival of these creatures and larger predators that prey upon them. Extinction can have a ripple effect that spreads throughout nature.In addition to its biological consequences, extinction poses a moral dilemma for humans, the only species capable of saving the others. The presence of humans on the planet has affected all other life forms, particularly plants and animals. Human lifestyles have proven to be incompatible with the survival of some other species. Purposeful efforts have been made to eliminate animals that prey on people, livestock, crops, or pose any threat to human livelihoods. Some wild animals have been decimated by human desire for meat, hides, fur, or other body parts with commercial value. Likewise, demand for land, water, and other natural resources has left many wild plants and animals with little to no suitable habitat. Humans have also affected nature by introducing non-native species to local areas and producing pollutants having a negative impact on the environment. The combination of these human-related effects and natural obstacles such as disease or low birthrates has proven to be too much for some species to overcome. They have no chance of survival without human help.As a result, societies have difficult choices to make about the amount of effort and money they are willing to spend to save imperiled species. Will people accept limits on their property rights, recreational activities, and means of livelihood to save a plant or an animal? Should saving such popular species as whales and dolphins take priority over saving obscure, annoying, or fearful species? Is it the responsibility of humans to save every kind of life form from disappearing, or is extinction an inevitable part of nature, in which the strong survive and the weak perish? These are some difficult questions that people face as they ponder the fate of other species living on this planet.(Source: http://www.encyclopedia.com)

Câu 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The importance of living organisms   

B. Humans and endangered species

C. Causes of animal extinction

D. Measures to protect endangered species

Câu 2: The word "inconsequential" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to             .

A. unrecognizable   

B. unexpected    

C. unavoidable   

D. unimportant

Câu 3: Which of the following can result from the loss of one species in a food chain?
 

A. Larger predators will look for other types of prey.

B. There might be a lack of food resources for some other species.

C. Animals will shift to another food chain in the community.

D. The connections among the creatures in the food chain become closer.

Câu 4: The word "They" in paragraph 2 refers to                                      .

A. natural obstacles 

B. human-related effects

C. some species 

D. low birthrates

Câu 5: In paragraph 2, non-native species are mentioned as              .
 

A. a kind of useful plants  

B. an achievement of human beings

C. a harmful factor to the environment

D. a kind of harmless animals

Câu 6: The word "perish" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to                 .

A. develop    

B. complete       

C. disappear  

D. remain

Câu 7: According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The existence of humans is at the expense of some other species.

B. No other species can threaten the survival of humans on Earth.

C. Humans have difficult choices to make about saving endangered species.

D. Some animals and plants cannot survive without human help.

Câu 8: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
 

A. Humans will make changes in their lifestyles to save other species.

B. Animal and plant species which pose threats to humans will die out soon.

C. Saving popular animal and plant species should be given a high priority.

D. The dilemma humans face between maintaining their lives and saving other species remains.

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