A newborn baby can see hear and feel By the age of five a ch

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.A newborn baby can see, hear and feel. By the age of five, a child can talk, ride a bike and invent imaginary friends. How does this development happen? We don't understand the way language, thinking and planning develop very well. Now scientists are using new technology to ‘see’ into children's brains. And they are discovering new information about the way a baby's brain develops.A study in 2010 showed that the experiences a child has in their first few years affect the development of the brain. It showed that children who received more attention often had higher IQs. The brain of a newborn baby has nearly a hundred billion neurons. This is the same number as an adult's brain. As they grow, a baby receives information through the senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. This information creates connections between different parts of the brain. At the age of three, there are a hundred trillion connections.One experiment looked at images of babies' brains while they were listening to different sounds. The sounds were in different sequences. For example, one sequence was mu-ba-ba. This is the pattern ‘A-B-B’. Another sequence was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern ‘A-B-C’. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during ‘A-B-B’ patterns. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. This experiment is interesting because sequences of words are important to grammar and meaning. Compare two sentences with the same words in a different order: ‘John killed the bear’ is very different from ‘The bear killed John.’ So babies are starting to learn grammatical rules from the beginning of life.Researchers also know that babies need to hear a lot of language in order to understand grammar rules. But there is a big difference between listening to television, audio books or the internet, and interacting with people. One study compared two groups of nine-month-old American babies. One group watched videos of Mandarin Chinese sounds. In the other group, people spoke the same sounds to the babies. The test results showed that the second group could recognise different sounds, however the first group learned nothing. The scientist, Patricia Kuhl, said this result was very surprising. It suggests that social experience is essential to successful brain development in babies.

Câu 1: The purpose of the article is to

A. explain new studies into the development of babies' brains.

B. describe how a new-born baby's brain works.

C. compare the brains of adults and children.

D. prove that nowadays babies are more intelligent than in the past.

Câu 2: According to the first paragraph

A. most aspects of child development are understood quite well.

B. some five-year-olds have imaginary friends.

C. children use technology more these days.

D. technology has been used in children's brain surgery.

Câu 3: Which statement is supported by the second paragraph?

A. Adult brains have more neurons than new-born babies' brains.

B. Babies and three-year-olds have the same number of neurons.

C. Early experiences have an effect on brain development

D. The connections between parts of the brain stay the same as a child grows up.

Câu 4: According to the second paragraph, which of the following can affect IQ?

A. being with adults a lot        

B. connecting with other babies

C. paying attention to a baby    

D. having access to information as early as possible

Câu 5: It can be inferred from the passage that

A. A pattern like ‘A-B-C’ is easier to understand.

B. Babies' brains cannot recognise different sound patterns.

C. It's not known which area of a baby's brain processes speech.

D. Children can actually learn grammatical rules in their very early age.

Câu 6: According to the article, which statement is true?

A. Experiments focusing on language have given researchers new information.

B. Children who hear different languages develop differently.

C. The development of language is the easiest thing to study in babies.

D. Babies are able to understand grammar rules of a language only in specific period.

Câu 7: What did the study described in the last paragraph do?

A. compared the effects of different languages

B. divided babies into two groups with different treatment

C. investigated if babies can learn Chinese

D. taught babies foreign languages through listening to videos.

Câu 8: What is the main conclusion from the study described in the last paragraph?

A. Babies can understand television at the age of nine months.

B. Social interaction has a big influence on the brain.

C. Watching videos is a good way to develop a child's brain.

D. Mandarin Chinese is not too hard to be learned for American babies.

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