Một số động từ chỉ quan điểm ý kiến thông dụng là: think/say/suppose/believe/consider/report... (nghĩ rằng/nói rằng/cho rằng/tin rằng/xem xét rằng/thông báo rằng...)
Cấu trúc: S1 + V1 + THAT + S2 + V2 + ...
®IT + Vl(bị động) + THAT + S2 + V2+...
®S2 + Vl(bi đông) + TO + V2(bare) (nếu V2 và V1 cùng thì)
HAVE + VP2 (nếu V2 và V1 khác thì)
Ví dụ:
People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.
-........................................................................................................................................................................
®It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number.
®13 is believed to be an unlucky number. They thought that the man had stolen the car.
- .......................................................................................................................................................................
®It was thought that the man had stolen the car.
®The man was thought to have stolen the car.
Câu chủ động: S + V + O + V(bare)
Câu bị động: ®S + be + Vp2 + to + V(bare)
Ví dụ:
I saw him pass my house. ®He was seen to pass my house.
Câu chủ động: S + V + O + V -ing
Câu bị động: ®S + be + Vp2 + V -ing
Ví dụ:
I saw him passing my house. ®He was seen passing my house.
Cấu chủ động: S + MAKE + O + V(bare)
Ví dụ:
Câu bị động: ®S + BE + MADE + TO + V(bare)
The teacher made us do all the homework.
®We were made to do all the homework by the teacher.
Câu chủ động: S + LET O + V(bare)
Ví dụ:
Câu bị động: ®S + BE + ALLOWED/PERMITTED + TO + V(bare)
My parents don't let us go out at night. ®We are not allowed/permitted to go out at night.
Câu chủ động: S+V + TO + V + O
Ví dụ:
Câu bị động: ®S + V + TO BE + VP2
They began to plant rubber trees long ago.
Rubber trees.....................................................................................................................................................
®Rubber trees began to be planted long ago.
* Nếu S = O2 thì ta có công thức sau:
Câu chủ động: S + V + O1 + TO + V + O2
Ví dụ:
Câu bị động: ®S + V + TO BE + VP2 + BY + O1
He expected his family to pick him up at the airport.
He ...................................................................................................................................................................
®He expected to be picked up at the airport by his family.
* Nếu S ¹O2 thì ta có công thức sau:
Câu chủ động: S+V+O1 + TO + V + O2
Câu bị động: ®S + V + O2+ TO BE + VP2 + BY + O1
Ví dụ:
He expected someone to repair his computer.
He ....................................................................................................................................................................
®He expected his computer to be repaired.
Câu chủ động: S + V + O1 + V-ING + O2
Ví dụ:
Câu bị động: ®S + V + BEING + VP2 + BY + O1
He ....................................................................................................................................................................
®He likes being spoken well of.
Câu chủ động: S + V + O1 + V-ING + O2
Câu bị động: ®S + V + O2+ BEING + VP2 + BY + O1
Ví dụ:
He hates non-professional people criticizing his work.
He hates ...........................................................................................................................................................
®He hates his work being criticized by non-professional people.
TIẾNG ANH LỚP 12