Bài đọc và đáp án chi tiết từng câu tiếng anh
Câu hỏi
Nhận biếtRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.
Alzheimer's disease impairs a person’s ability to recall memories, both distant and as recent as a few hours before. Although there is not yet a cure for the illness, there may be hope for a cure with a protein called nerve growth factor. The protein is produced by nerve cells in the same region of the brain where Alzheimer’s occurs. Based on this relationship, scientists from the University of
Lund in Sweden and the University of California at San Diego designed an experiment to test whether doses of nerve growth factor could reverse the effects of memory loss caused by Alzheimer’s. Using a group of rats with impaired memory, the scientists gave half of the rats doses of nerve growth factor while giving the other half a blood protein as a placebo, thus creating a control group. At the end of the four-week test, the rats given the nerve growth factor performed equally to rats with normal memory abilities. While the experiments do not show that nerve growth factor can stop the general process of deterioration caused by Alzheimer’s, they do show potential as a means to slowing the process significantly.
0Câu 1
With what topic is this passage mainly concerned?
A. The use of rats as experimental subjects.
B.
D. Nerve growth factor as a cure for Alzheimer’s.
C.
Impaired memory of patients.
D. Cures for Alzheimer’s disease.
Câu 2
The word "impairs” in line 1 is most similar to which of the following?
A. destroys
B.
diminishes
C. affects
D. enhances
Câu 3
According to the passage, where is nerve growth factor produced in the body?
A. In nerve cells in the brain.
B.In the pituitary gland.
C.
In the blood proteins.
D.
Câu 4
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word ‘"region”?
A. plain
B.expanse
C.
orbit
D. vicinity
Câu 5
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “doses’”?
A. stipends
B.measures
C. pieces
D.
injections
Câu 6
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. More work needs to be done to understand the effects of nerve growth factor
B.Though unsuccessful, the experiments did show some benefits derived from nerve growth factor.
C.
D. The experiments did not show any significant benefits from nerve growth factor.
Câu 7
The passage most closely resembles which of the following patterns of organization?
A.
B.
C. cause - effect
D. statement and illustration
Câu 8
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "deterioration"?
A. depression
B.disconnection
C. deduction
D.
Câu 9
Which of the following could best replace the word “significantly”?
A. considerably
B.knowingly
C. tirelessly
D.
Câu 10
The relationship between nerve growth factor and a protein is similar to the relationship between Alzheimer's and
A. a cancer
B.
C. a disease
D. forgetfulness
Đáp án đúng:
Lời giải của Tự Học 365
Đáp án Câu 1 : B
Đáp án D: Chủ đề mà đoạn văn chủ yếu đề câp là: “Nerve growth factor as a cure for Alzheimer's” = Thuốc dinh dưỡng thần kinh dùng chữa trị bệnh An- dai-mơ. Các phương án khác đều là ý nhỏ trong đoạn văn hoặc đề tài khái quát hơn: Impaired memory of patients - Tri nhớ suy giảm của bệnh nhân: Cures for Alzheimer's disease = Các cách điểu trị bệnh An-dai-mơ; The use of rats as experimental subjects = Việc sử dụng chuột làm các chủ thể thí nghiệm.
Đáp án Câu 2 : B
Đáp án D: impairs = diminishes (làm suy yếu, làm giảm).
Đáp án Câu 3 : A
Đáp án C: Theo đoạn văn, thuốc dinh dưỡng thần kinh được sản sinh ra: In nerve cells in the brain = ở các tế bào thần kinh trong não bộ. Trong đoạn văn có nêu: "The protein is produced by nerve cells in the same region of the brain where Alzheimer's occurs " Chất prô-tê-in được sinh ra bởi các tế bào thần kinh trong não bộ ở nơi mả bệnh An-dai-mơ xảy ra. Các phương án khác: In the pituitary gland = trong tuyến yên; In nerve cells in the spinal column = trong các tề bào thần kinh ở cột sống; In the blood proteins = ở các prô-tê-in trong máu.
Đáp án Câu 4 : D
Đáp án C: region = vicinity (vùng lân cận).
Đáp án Câu 5 : D
Đáp án D: doses - injections (liều thuồc, mũi tiêm).
Đáp án Câu 6 : A
Đáp án A: Ta có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn là: “More work needs to be done to understand the effects of nerve growth factor” = cần thực hiện thêm các cuộc nghiên cứu để hiểu rõ lác dụng của thuốc dinh dưỡng thần kinh. Cuối đoạn văn có nêu: “they do show potential as a means to slowing the process..." = chúng cho thấy tiềm năng dùng làm biện pháp chậm lại quá trình (giảm trí nhớ).
Đáp án Câu 7 : D
Đáp án C: Bố cục của đoạn văn là: “statement and illustration” = câu khái quát và minh họa. Các phương án khác: cause effect = nguyên nhân và kết quả; chronological order theo thứ tự thời gian; alphabetical order - theo thứ tự bảng chữ cái.
Đáp án Câu 8 : D
Đáp án D: deterioration = decline (sự giảm sút).
Đáp án Câu 9 : A
Đáp án A: significantly = considerably (một cách đáng kế).
Đáp án Câu 10 : C
Đáp án A: Quan hệ giữa thuốc dinh dưỡng thần kinh và prô-tê-in cũng tương tự như giữa An-dai-mơ và một căn bệnh khác vì
Luyện tập
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